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“That cappuccino in your cup, how is it different from a flat white? That couch you’re sitting on, is it more of a sofa? Which of these terms is more accurate---or should we say, more precise?”……
Dictionary of fine distinctions: nuances, niceties, and subtle shades of meaning: an assorted synonymy & encyclopedia of commonly confused objects, ideas & words, distinguished with the aid of illustrations By Eli Burstein, Liana Finck Introduction by Librarian “That cappuccino in your cup, how is it different from a flat white? That couch you’re sitting on, is it more of a sofa? Which of these terms is more accurate---or should we say, more precise?” When I was young, like many children, I loved reading fairy tales. In these stories, goblins and ogres always play the role of villains. I have always wondered about the difference between the two. According to the author, goblins are “funny-looking little sprites that often hang around people’s homes. Ogres are huge and mean and like to eat humans”. The goblins in the Harry Potter movies are portrayed as more charming, dressed in formal suits and resembling civilized bank workers. Ogres, on the other hand, are depicted as less intelligent and more malicious, much like the fearsome giants in Jack and the Beanstalk. If you are on a diet, you might be curious about the difference between sorbet and sherbet. Sorbet is nondairy which means it contains no milk, while sherbet may have up to 2% milkfat. Containing milkfat, sherbet is smoother and creamier than sorbet, which of course will make it taste better. For those on a diet or with a milk allergy, sorbet would be a smart choice. If you look at a map of Hong Kong, you will notice a variety of terms used for roads. An example is Park Lane Shopper’s Boulevard (栢麗購物大道) located on Nathan Road in Tsim Sha Tsui. Boulevards are broad, and often trees are planted on both sides. They tend to be long and straight. Streets by contrast are narrower passages lined with buildings, shops, and homes. A good example is Wing Lok Street (永樂街) in Sheung Wan. In Dictionary of Fine Distinctions, commonly misused or misunderstood words are clarified through lively illustrations. The author examines these similar words closely, diagnosing their nuances and explaining the subtle differences in ways we will understand. Language enthusiasts will find this book both entertaining and informative. If you’re curious about the difference between a cappuccino and a flat white, you may want to check out the book and find the answer for yourself. 語音分享【有故事的互動牆】香港圖書館節:在時代轉折處談創意閱讀 走進香港中央圖書館的香港圖書館節展場,左邊有一放滿坐墊的區域,牆上投射著動畫。每逢固定時間,故事大使就打開大書講起格列佛流落小人國與大人國的故事,無論是投射牆,還是旁邊的立體大書,皆有不同畫面流動。故事完結時,立體大書的頁面上還放起了璀璨煙花,煙花的投射溢出了立體書的邊框,如像這個稱為「格列佛互動故事牆」的裝置般,將閱讀由實體書的邊框延伸至其他創意媒介。 「一般人都定義創意為『thinking outside the box』,但首先要知道盒子裏有什麼。」香港知專設計學院(HKDI)數碼媒體學系課程主任江培強博士說,這次他與另一講師,亦同樣是多媒體設計師的蔡智揚一起帶領十位學生為首屆香港圖書館節帶來這個故事牆互動裝置。「創意是意念,今次與同學一起製作互動牆,太天馬行空未必可行,現實的規限是框架,若能突破規限就是創新,如同喬布斯(Steve Jobs)所言由創意至創新,就是將腦裡的幻想化為實物。」而這趟以創意與科技結合的實物,在閱讀模式變革的轉折時代,正好演繹了怎樣在不同媒介間跳出跳入。 當我們談科技與閱讀,我們談的是什麼? 與互動故事牆的團隊談閱讀,談的更是在這個時代如何理解世界,江博士口中的閱讀是不同文本融和、交錯、拓遠的過程,「是時候重新定義閱讀了,有文字與非文字的閱讀,前者有與語音的關係,閱讀時腦裡也有聲音;非文字閱讀更包括了比例、構圖、傳意技巧等,囊括了美學與文化上不同事物。」 江博士層層深入,說起以前有文學、繪畫、音樂與電影等八大藝術類別,人們是一層一層往上學習,由文字到繪畫再到電影,現今卻是同一時間閱讀不同媒體,「這八大類別在我們的互動牆裡都有了,而且還有21世紀的第九藝術——遊戲,現在談閱讀,談的更是跨媒體甚至超媒體。」 那麼在超媒體時代,科技與推廣閱讀的關係是什麼?江博士剖釋科技一詞非新事物,「科技一直都在我們身邊,活版印刷如是,Power Point如是,科技在演化,現在較注重互動體驗以增加觀感刺激,但在教育而言,學習動機與促進教育成效是兩大不變目標。」 另一位參與項目的講師蔡智揚亦補充說文字從不是獨立運作的媒介,會觸發聯想力、聽覺與圖像能力,江博士接續講解,「一般我們說『VARK』,亦即Visual視覺、Aural聽覺、Read閱讀與及Kinesthetic觸覺,但並沒有說哪一種最好,而是找出最適合自己的學習方法。」江博士認為科技可以幫助大眾找出適合自己的學習方法,打破障礙。「任何人都應有接受教育的機會,而科技可使有學習障礙或殘疾人士追趕上常人的學習水平。」 由創意閱讀到創意教育與學習 科技打破限制,但談到閱讀與學習,江博士回過頭來談的卻是最基礎的藝術教育。「剛才談到的傳統八大藝術類別,若只涉獵最高的藝術,就無法糅和應用,要學齊不同範疇,由文字、舞蹈、電影到遊戲,才可以回個頭來將高層次的演繹拆開每個細節與層次去理解。」 值得留意的是以前學習是由基礎的文字開始,今天「格列佛互動故事牆」前的小朋友卻是一開始就接觸最新的科技,一種融合光影、聯想、觸感、遊戲的閱讀方式。由此江博士說到現代的學子更要打好基礎,「我們以前一級級上,他們現在是一級級往下走,回到基本的藝術類別,他們要看更多不同的東西,因為現代教育要講跨界,學一科並不夠,要跨學科、跨媒體、跨地域、跨文化,我們的『創意媒體』就是將這些都結合一起。」 參與故事牆團隊的學生代表可可與Sam分享這個世代他們的反思,正好與江博士說的互相對應。「在香港這麼小的點,我們每天吸收全世界的資訊,但這些超媒體資訊太碎片,到了要運用時,我們就缺少了將概念實踐出來的一步。」可可說。Sam同樣感歎便於網絡流傳的短片容易使觀者失卻完整脈胳,倒是閱讀最基礎的文字更可以培養組織力,而這次的項目就讓他們將不同媒體組合一起,尋找貫穿其中的脈絡。「而且小朋友看完故事牆後,可以去讀原著,再從裡邊找出故事背景時代的隱喻與當地的文化與神話。」 由文字到多媒體,又回遡追㝷文字背後的故事與文化,一如江博士所言,人的創新能力在於整合,閱讀世界愈多,愈有整合的能力。「廣閱群書,這書指向所有文本,而惟有什麼都讀,才是21世紀的學習方法。」江博士為這個轉折時代的學習方式下了強而有力的注腳。